Causes and types of ovarian cysts
October 17, 2008
Ovarian cysts are those fluid-filled sacs that are found in women during their fertile years. They are similar to blisters in appearance. Mostly, ovarian cysts are harmless and do not require any treatment.
It is during the process of ovulation (production of egg), that cyst-like structures are formed inside the ovaries. They are also called follicles. As the egg get released, ripe follicles breaks. Empty follicle gives rise to corpus leteum, which get dissolved if pregnancy does not happen. This is the process that happens normally in all women. But in certain cases, certain irregularities occur and the process does not take place effectively. Such a situation leads to functional ovarian cysts, which is the most common kind of ovarian cyst. Such cysts do not occur after menopause, as eggs are no longer produced.
The other types of ovarian cysts, which are not so common, are dermoid cysts, cystadenoma cysts, endometrioma cysts and Polycystic Ovarian Disease . Such cysts are mainly caused by imbalances in the female hormones i.e. oestrogen and progesterone. Dermoid cysts are those that are filled with many tissues including hair and skin. Endometrioma cysts are formed when tissues similar to that of the uterus lining get attached to ovaries. Those cysts that are formed from the outer surface cells of the ovaries are called Cystadenoma cysts. Polycystic Ovarian Disease is caused when the cysts make the ovaries bloated and result in a thick outer covering. As a result of this irregularity, ovulation is prevented. This kind of cysts often leads to infertility.
In many cases, cysts do not show any external symptoms. It is when a cyst bursts that the abdominal tissues get irritated and leads to bleeding. In some women, dull ache or a feeling of fullness is noted. Ovarian cysts sometimes lead to painful intercourse. Cysts in ovary might also cause delayed and irregular periods. When the menstruations do finally happen, it will be accompanied by severe pain.
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