What are the causes of anemia
April 1, 2009
Anemia is mainly caused by three factors, namely, blood loss, ineffective red blood cell production and increased pace of red blood cell destruction. Among these three causes, blood loss is found to be the most common cause of anemia, particularly iron-deficiency anemia.
Blood loss can be due to a variety of factors. A heavy menstrual period is one among them. Bleeding within the digestive or urinary tract also leads to severe blood loss. Surgery, trauma and cancer are some other causative factors. A considerable loss of blood from the body results in diminished red blood cell count and causes anemia.
Inefficient bodily production of red blood cells can be the result of both acquired and inherited conditions. “Acquired” condition means that the affected person was not born with the condition, but develops it later. “Inherited” condition means that the parents have passed the gene on to the affected person at the time of conception itself.
Acquired conditions and certain other factors prevent the body from making enough red blood cells. The factors include diet, hormones and pregnancy. Certain chronic ailments also make the body fall short of red blood cell supply. Aplastic anemia is yet another condition that prevents the body from producing adequate amount of red blood cells. This condition can be caused either in an acquired or inherited manner.
A diet that lacks iron, folic acid, or vitamin B12 also leads to the decreased production of red blood cells. For the efficient production of red blood cells, our body also requires traces of vitamin C, riboflavin and copper. If the body finds it difficult to absorb red blood cells from the body, then also it is likely to lack red blood cells.
Fluctuations in the level of the hormone erythropoietin also impair the production of red blood cells. This hormone helps in the stimulation of bone marrow and thereby enables the production of red blood cells. A low level of this hormone in the body also leads to anemia.
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