What is stroke
March 10, 2009
A stroke, medically termed as cerebrovascular accident, is caused as a consequence of the disrupted blood supply to the brain. Severe damage is caused, as the brain cells are forced to die due to the lack of crucial oxygen and glucose. Hindered blood flow can be due to several reasons.
Narrowing of the tiny arteries that supply blood within the brain is one such reason. Hardening of the arteries can also lead to brain damage.
This condition is termed as atherosclerosis. The brain is supplied with enough blood by four major arteries. If plaque or cholesterol happens to get accumulated within these arterial walls, blood supply to the brain parts are likely to be clogged.
Cerebral hemorrhage is yet another cause of stroke. This is a fatal condition characterized by internal bleeding within the brain substance. Uncontrollably high blood pressure is the major cause of hemorrhage Arteriovenous malformations or any leakage in the blood supplying system can also lead to abnormal bleeding withinthe brain.
The blockage of an artery that supplies blood to the brain by a clot is found to be the most common cause of a stroke. The part of the brain which had merited from the blood supply made by the damaged artery, fails to function in the absence of oxygen and blood.
This ultimately leads to the destruction or death of the cells in that particular part of the brain. The risk factors that make a person prone to the occurrence of stroke include increased blood pressure, high cholesterol level, diabetes and cigarette smoking. Inflamed blood vessels can also lead to brain damage and ultimately stroke.
People with severe migraine headache are also likely to develop stroke. One reason for migraine attack is the narrowing down of the blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the brain. Some attacks of migraine might even lead to disorders similar to that of stroke such as loss of function of one side of the body, problems with speech and vision etc. Normally, the disorders fade as the headache subsides.
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